Availability Wikipedia. For the thermodynamic function availability, in the sense of available useful work, see exergy. For availability as a form of cognitive bias, see availability heuristic. In reliability theory and reliability engineering, the term availability has the following meanings The degree to which a system, subsystem or equipment is in a specified operable and committable state at the start of a mission, when the mission is called for at an unknown, i. Strike Force Heroes 2 Pc'>Strike Force Heroes 2 Pc. Simply put, availability is the proportion of time a system is in a functioning condition. This is often described as a mission capable rate. Mathematically, this is expressed as 1. A10.1186%2Fs13634-016-0316-4/MediaObjects/13634_2016_316_Fig10_HTML.gif' alt='Raptor Reliability Simulation Software: Software Free Download' title='Raptor Reliability Simulation Software: Software Free Download' />The ratio of a the total time a functional unit is capable of being used during a given interval to b the length of the interval. For example, a unit that is capable of being used 1. However, typical availability values are specified in decimal such as 0. In high availability applications, a metric known as nines, corresponding to the number of nines following the decimal point, is used. With this convention, five nines equals 0. IntroductioneditAvailability of a system is typically measured as a factor of its reliability as reliability increases, so does availability. Availability of a system may also be increased by the strategy of focusing on increasing testability, diagnostics and maintainability and not on reliability. Improving maintainability during the early design phase is generally easier than reliability and Testability diagnostics. Maintainability estimates item Repair by replacement rates are also generally more accurate. However, because the uncertainties in the reliability estimates and also in diagnostic times are in most cases very large, it is likely to dominate the availability and the prediction uncertainty problem, even while maintainability levels are very high. RaptorTest_Layout.png/700px-RaptorTest_Layout.png' alt='Raptor Reliability Simulation Software: Software Free Download' title='Raptor Reliability Simulation Software: Software Free Download' />The Joint Strike Fighters sensors, communications, and flightcontrol systems will blend together more tightly than any other combat aircraft in history, and will. Auto Tune 7 Crack Mac Software on this page. The U. S. Air Forces new F22 Raptor advanced tactical fighter is finally preparing to move into production after more than a decade of development. Raptor is a family of cryogenic, methanefueled rocket engines under development by SpaceX. The engines are powered by densified liquid methane and liquid oxygen LOX. In reliability theory and reliability engineering, the term availability has the following meanings The degree to which a system, subsystem or equipment is in a. Furthermore, when reliability is not under control, then many and different sorts of issues may arise, for example The need for complex testability built in test sensors, hardware and software requirements,The need for detailed diagnostic procedures,Manpower maintainers customer service capability availability,Spare part availability,Dead on arrival issues non quality impact on system availability,Logistic delays of spares or manpower due to any reason,Lack of repair facilities and tools also lack software development e. Do. DF2. 2 Raptor program,Lack of repair knowledge and expert personnel. Extensive retro fit and complex configuration management costs and others. The problem of unreliability may also become out of control due to the domino effect of maintenance induced failures after repairs and more and more increasing efforts of problem solving, re engineering en service efforts. Only focusing on maintainability is therefore not enough If failures are prevented, none of the others are of any importance and therefore reliability is generally regarded as the most important part of availability Reliability needs to be evaluated and improved related to both availability and the cost of ownership due to cost of spare parts, maintenance man hours, transport costs, storage cost, part obsolete risks etc. XIL_Diagram.png/600px-XIL_Diagram.png' alt='Raptor Reliability Simulation Software: Software Free Download' title='Raptor Reliability Simulation Software: Software Free Download' />Often a trade off is needed between the two. There might be a maximum ratio between availability and cost of ownership. Testability of a system should also be addressed in the availability plan as this is the link between reliability and maintainability. The maintenance strategy can influence the reliability of a system e. So, Maintainability and Maintenance strategies influences the availability of a system. Test1.PNG/700px-Test1.PNG' alt='Raptor Reliability Simulation Software: Software Free Download' title='Raptor Reliability Simulation Software: Software Free Download' />In theory this can be almost unlimited if one would be able to always repair any fault in an infinitely short time. This is in practice impossible. Repair ability is always limited due to testability, manpower and logistic considerations. Reliability is not limited Reliable items can be made that outlast the life of a machine with almost 1. For high levels of system availability e. The 382 billion F35 Joint Strike fighter program may well be the largest single global defense program in history. This major multinational program is intended to. Back in 2013 Adobe moved its most valuable software, including Photoshop, Illustrator, and Premiere, to a subscription only model. If you want to use the industry. Life Cycle Cost is a 2day short course for economic selection of equipment considering equipment grades and cost, life limiting conditions of operating practices. The machine contains a cellular modem chip that allows its software to be updated remotely. Unfortunately, it also means that you can log into the damn thing from. Refer to reliability engineering. An availability plan should clearly provide a strategy for availability control. Whether only Availability or also Cost of Ownership is more important depends on the use of the system. For example, a system that is a critical link in a production system e. A proper reliability plan should always address RAMT analysis in its total context. RAMT stands in this case for Reliability, Availability, MaintainabilityMaintenance and Testability in context to the customer needs. RepresentationeditThe most simple representation for availability is as a ratio of the expected value of the uptime of a system to the aggregate of the expected values of up and down time, or. AEuptimeEuptimeEdowntimedisplaystyle Afrac Emathrm uptime Emathrm uptime Emathrm downtime If we define the status function Xtdisplaystyle Xt as. Xt1,sys functions at time t. Xtbegincases1, textsys functions at time t0, textotherwiseendcasestherefore, the availability At at time t  0 is represented by. AtPrXt1EXt. displaystyle AtPrXt1EXt. Average availability must be defined on an interval of the real line. If we consider an arbitrary constant c 0displaystyle c 0, then average availability is represented as. Ac1c0c. Atdt. displaystyle Acfrac 1cint 0cAt,dt. Limiting or steady state availability is represented by1AlimcAc. Alim crightarrow infty Ac. Limiting average availability is also defined on an interval 0,cdisplaystyle 0,c as,AlimcAclimc1c0c. Atdt,c 0. displaystyle Ainfty lim crightarrow infty Aclim crightarrow infty frac 1cint 0cAt,dt,quad c 0. Availability is the probability that an item will be in an operable and commitable state at the start of a mission when the mission is called for at a random time, and is generally defined as uptime divided by total time uptime plus downtime. Methods and techniques to model availabilityeditFault tree analysis and related software are developed to calculate analytic or by simulation availability of a system or a functional failure condition within a system including many factors like Reliability models. Maintainability models. Maintenance concepts. Redundancy. Common cause failure. Diagnostics. Level of repair. Repair status as good as new, as good as oldDormancy. Test coverage. Active operational times missions sub system states. Logistical aspects like spare part stocking levels at different depots, transport times, repair times at different repair lines, manpower availability and more. Uncertainty in parameters. Furthermore, these methods are capable to identify the most critical items and failure modes or events that impact availability. Definitions within systems engineeringeditAvailability, inherent Ai2 The probability that an item will operate satisfactorily at a given point in time when used under stated conditions in an ideal support environment. It excludes logistics time, waiting or administrative downtime, and preventive maintenance downtime. It includes corrective maintenance downtime. Inherent availability is generally derived from analysis of an engineering design and is calculated as the mean time to failure MTTF divided by the mean time to failure plus the mean time to repair MTTR. The Joint Strike Fighter Program. F 3. 5B off probationclick to view fullThe 3. F 3. 5 Joint Strike fighter program may well be the largest single global defense program in history. This major multinational program is intended to produce an affordably stealthy multi role fighter that will have 3 variants the F 3. A conventional version for the US Air Force et. F 3. 5B Short Take Off, Vertical Landing for the US Marines, British Royal Navy, et. F 3. 5C conventional carrier launched version for the US Navy. The aircraft is named after Lockheeds famous WW2 P 3. Lightning, and the Mach 2, stacked engine English Electric now BAELightning jet. Lightning II system development partners included The USA Britain Tier 1, Italy and the Netherlands Tier 2, and Australia, Canada, Denmark, Norway and Turkey Tier 3, with Singapore and Israel as Security Cooperation Partners, and Japan as the 1st export customer. The big question for Lockheed Martin is whether, and when, many of these partner countries will begin placing purchase orders. This updated article has expanded to feature more detail regarding the F 3. The F 3. 5 Lightning II Fighter Family. F 3. 5 Family Variants Door A, B, or C Figure 1 F 3. Variants. The above table illustrates the key differences between the baseline F 3. A, the Short Take Off, Vertical Landing STOVL capable F 3. B, and the catapult launched F 3. C naval variant. Additional explanations follow. The F 3. 5A CTOLF 3. A, doors openclick to view fullThe F 3. A is sometimes called the CTOL Conventional Take Off and Landing version. Its the USAFs version, and is expected to make up most of the planes export orders. Its also expected to be the least expensive F 3. The USAF currently estimates its average flyaway cost after 2. FY 2. 01. 2 will cost over 1. Its main difference from other versions is its wider 9g maneuverability limits, though its air air combat flight benchmarks are only on par with the F 1. Canard equipped 4 generation adversaries like the Eurofighter, and thrust vectored fighters like the F 2. A, Mi. G 3. 5, SU 3. The F 3. 5 hopes to mitigate them using its improved stealth to shrink detection ranges, the lack of drag from weapons in its internal bays, and its current electronic superiority. The second major physical difference between the F 3. A and the rest of the Lightning family is its internal 2. The USAF removed guns from some of its planes back in the 1. Vietnam. It has kept guns on all of its fighters ever since, including the stealthy F 2. F 3. 5. Many allies wanted the 2. Mauser cannon installed instead, as its widely believed to offer the worlds best combination of firing rate and hitting power. In the end, however, ammunition standardization benefits involving 2. The 3rd difference is that the F 3. A uses a dorsal refueling receptacle that is refueled using an aerial tanker boom, instead of the probe and drogue method favored by the US Navy and many American allies. The F 3. 5A was the first variant to fly, in 2. Unfortunately, it looks like it wont reach Initial Operational Capability IOC until 2. The F 3. 5B STOVL Short Take Off, Vertical LandingF 3. B featuresclick to view fullThe F 3. B is expected to be the most expensive Lightning II fighter variant. According to US Navy documents, even planes bought after 2. It will serve the US Marines, Royal Navy, other navies with ski ramp equipped LHDs or small carriers, and militaries looking for an expeditionary airplane that can take off in short distances and land vertically. To accomplish this, the F 3. B has a large fan behind the cockpit, and nozzles that go out to the wing undersides. Free Serial Crack Software Download Manager. Unlike the F 3. 5A, it will use a retractable mid air refueling probe, which is standard for the US Navy and for many American allies. Those capabilities gives the plane a unique niche, but a unique niche also means unique challenges, and the responses to those challenges have changed the aircraft. In 2. 00. 5, the JSF program took a 1 year delay because the design was deemed overweight by about 3,0. The program decided to reduce weight rather than run the engine hotter, because the latter choice would have sharply reduced the durability of engine components and driven life cycle costs higher. Weight cutting became a focus of various engineering teams, with especial focus on the F 3. B because the weight was most critical to that design. Those efforts pushed the F 3. Bs design, and changed its airframe. The F 3. 5B gives up some range, some bomb load it cannot carry 2,0. The F 3. 5B completed its Critical Design Review in October 2. F 3. 5 was a STOVL variant. Per the revised Sept 1. USMCs VMA 3. 32 in Yuma, AZ must have 1. F 3. 5Bs equipped with Block IIB software, with 6 aircraft capable of austere andor ship based operations, and all aircraft meeting the 7g and 5. Initial Operational Capability. Flight testing began in 2. IOC was expected by December 2. By 2. 01. 3, the first operational planes were fielded to the USMC at Yuma, AZ. The USMC is currently aiming for a 2. IOC, but it would involve just Block 2. B software loads that will limit the F 3. Bs combat capability. Even then, the Pentagons 2. DOT E report isnt grounds for software schedule optimism. Planes with full Block 3 initial combat capability are unlikely to be fielded before 2. The F 3. 5C carrier based fighter. USN F 3. 5Cclick to view fullThe F 3. C is instantly recognizable. It features 3. 0 more wing area than other designs, with larger tails and control surfaces, plus wingtip ailerons. These changes provide the precise slow speed handling required for carrier approaches, and extend range a bit. The F 3. 5Cs internal structure is strengthened to withstand the punishment dished out by the catapult launches and controlled crashes of carrier launch and recovery, an arrester hook is added to the airframe, and the fighter gets a retractable refueling probe. According to US Navy documents, average flyaway costs for F 3. Cs bought after 2. The US Navy gave up the internal gun, and the aircraft will be restricted to 7. Thats only slightly lower than the existing FA 1. E Super Hornets 7. Dassaults carrier capable Rafale M. The F 3. 5C is expected to be the US Navys high end fighter, as well as its high end strike aircraft. This means that any performance or survivability issues will have a disproportionate effect on the US Navys future ability to project power around the world. The F 3. 5C will be the last variant designed it passed its Critical Design Review in June 2. January 2. 00. 9. The F 3. 5Cs rollout did not take place until July 2. June 2. 01. 0. Initial Operational Capability was scheduled for 2. F 3. 5s Key Features. F 3. 5 Variantsclick to view fullStealth. The F 3. 5 is designed as an affordable stealth counterpart to the F 2. Raptor air dominance fighter, one that can share first day of the war duties against defended targets but cant perform air air or air ground missions to the same standard. The F 3. 5 has a larger single engine instead of the Raptors twin thrust vectoring F1. Mach 1 and super maneuverability options. The F 2. 2A is also a much stealthier aircraft from all angles, and independent analysis modeling has concluded that the F 3. Even so, the F 3. Generation 4 options like the Eurofighter, Rafale, and JAS 3. Gripen. Engine. The F 3. That has been an important feature for global F 1.